What is sinusitis?
Sinusitis is the inflammation of paranasal sinus mukosa can occur due to allergic factors, virus infections, bacteria and fungi. Paranasal sinus is a cleft, cavity, or channel between the bones around the nose cavity. Paranasal sinus consisting of the four sinus sinus maksilaris (located in the cheek), sinus etmoidalis (both eyes), sinus frontalis (located in the forehead), and sinus sfenoidalis (located behind the forehead). Sinusitis can occur in each sinus but the most frequently affected sinus is maksilaris. This is caused sinus sinus maksila is the biggest and basically have a relationship with the basic root of the tooth, so that may come from a dental infection.
Causes
Based on the causes, sinusitis can be divided into:
1. Rhinogenik (it is a problem or deviation in the nose), Anything that causes sumbatan on the nose can cause sinusitis. May be caused by viral infections (such as after a viral infection in the respiratory channel, such as flu / cold), bacteria, and fungi.
2. Dentogenik / Odontogenik (it is a deviation teeth), which often cause sinusitis is an infection on top of the molar (pre molar and molar).
Based on the disease, sinusitis may be acute (several days to several weeks), subakut (a few weeks to several months), and chronic (several months to several years). The cause of chronic sinusitis is usually due to asthma, allergic diseases, immune system disruption or deviation secretion and disposal mucus.
Sinus Symptoms. Deviation from the typical symptoms of the sinus headache that is felt when people wake up in the morning. Acute and chronic sinusitis have similar symptoms, including pain and swelling in the press and sinus affected, but there are certain symptoms that arise based on the sinus affected:
Sinusitis maksilaris cause painful cheek just below the eyes, pain may spread to the forehead, and even to the teeth. Pain can be severe if the patient mengejan or bend.
Sinusitis frontalis cause pain around the eye brow, the day the pain and decrease pain can also spread across the head.
Sinusitis etmoidalis cause pain in the back and between the eyes and headache in the forehead. Etmoidalis sinus infection can also cause pain when you press on the fringe of the nose, reduced sense smell, and nasal congestion.
Sfenoidalis sinusitis, something special is a headache in the crown, or sometimes can cause ear pain and neck pain.
Other sinusitis symptoms are:
- Does not feel well
- Fever
- Tired, listless
- Cough, which may worsen in the night
- Meler nose or nasal congestion
Fever and shivering indicates that the infection has spread to outside the sinus. On examination the nose mucous membrane looks red and swell, the nose may be out of pus yellow or green.
Examination that can be done
1. Transiluminasi examination (examination with the light to assess the sinus cavity)
2. Vetting Radiology (images rays)
3. Examination of the bacteria culture sekret / cavity mucus nose
Medicine
Treatment of sinusitis depends on the cause. Antibiotics are given only for sinusitis caused by bacterial infection, not to sinusitis caused by virus infection or allergy is not. In addition to antibiotics, the drugs dekongestan also used to reduce the symptoms of stoppage. Analgetik the drug-antipiretik to reduce pain and fever.
The following can be done to reduce the uncomfortable feeling:
- Inhale steam from a vaporizer or hot water bowlful
- Drugs nose spray containing saline solution
- Warm compress on the area affected by sinus
If treatment is not successful then sometimes a necessary action-operative, with the goal to open and clean the paranasal sinus area which is the source of infection and the stoppage so that ventilation and drainage can be smoothly again.
Prevention
The easiest is not to channel the breath infection. Diligent hand-washing, and where possible avoid close contact with those who are exposed to a cold cough.
Maintain resistance to the body enough rest, consuming nutritious food, and drink enough water.
